The Ultimate Greenland Travel FAQ: 50 Essential Questions Answered

Heading to Greenland a remote and far-flung destination for the first time can feel both thrilling and intimidating. With many unknowns, you’re bound to have questions. This guide answers the essential questions every first-time traveler needs to know to ensure you're fully prepared for an unforgettable journey to the far reaches of the world.

1. General Information About Greenland

1. Where is Greenland located?
Greenland is the world’s largest island, situated between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. It’s an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, although geographically closer to North America. Despite its vast size, much of Greenland is covered by ice, making its population small and concentrated along the coasts. Visitors flock to Greenland for its stunning natural beauty, including glaciers, fjords, and the breathtaking Northern Lights.

2. Do I need a visa to visit Greenland?
Greenland follows Danish visa regulations, so if you’re a citizen of a Schengen Area country, you can enter without a visa for stays up to 90 days. Visitors from countries like the USA, Canada, and Australia can also enter visa-free for up to 90 days. However, if you require a visa to visit Denmark, you’ll need to apply for a Schengen visa. Since Greenland is outside the Schengen Area, ensure your visa allows entry to the island specifically.

3. What currency is used in Greenland?
Greenland uses the Danish Krone (DKK) as its official currency. Major credit cards such as Visa and Mastercard are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops, especially in larger towns like Nuuk. However, in remote areas, it’s advisable to carry cash as card payments might not be accepted everywhere. ATMs are available in larger towns, but they are scarce in remote locations.

4. What language is spoken in Greenland?
Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) is the official language of Greenland, but Danish is also widely spoken. English is commonly understood in tourist areas, particularly by younger generations and those working in hospitality and tourism. While English will suffice in most situations, learning a few basic Greenlandic phrases like “Aluu” (hello) or “Qujanaq” (thank you) can enhance your travel experience and show appreciation for the local culture.

5. What is Greenland known for?
Greenland is renowned for its stunning, raw landscapes dominated by icebergs, glaciers, and fjords. The island offers unparalleled experiences like witnessing the Northern Lights, whale watching, and exploring ice-covered terrain by dog sled. Greenland is also rich in Inuit culture, offering visitors a chance to experience traditional ways of life through cultural events, art, and local cuisine. Adventurers are drawn to Greenland for its incredible hiking, ice cap expeditions, and arctic wildlife.

6. Is Greenland safe for tourists?
Yes, Greenland is one of the safest travel destinations in the world. Crime rates are extremely low, and the island is generally peaceful. However, its remote and rugged nature can pose risks for outdoor activities like hiking, kayaking, or dog sledding. It’s essential to be well-prepared, follow local safety guidelines, and consider hiring a guide for more adventurous activities. Always check the weather conditions and be aware of the challenges posed by the harsh Arctic environment.

7. What are some cultural tips for visiting Greenland?
Greenlandic culture is deeply rooted in Inuit traditions and respect for nature. When visiting, it’s important to be mindful of the local way of life. Always greet people with a smile or “Aluu” (hello), and ask for permission before taking photos of locals, especially in small settlements. Respect the environment by not leaving litter and by following any guidelines provided by tour operators, especially in protected areas. Public displays of affection are rare, and it’s considered polite to remove your shoes when entering someone’s home.

8. Do I need any vaccinations to visit Greenland?
No specific vaccinations are required to visit Greenland, but it’s a good idea to ensure you’re up to date on routine vaccinations such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and tetanus. If you’re planning outdoor activities or traveling to remote areas, consult your healthcare provider about any additional precautions, such as medications for altitude sickness or advice on cold-weather travel.

9. What time zone is Greenland in?
Greenland spans four time zones due to its large size. Most of the populated west coast, including Nuuk, operates on Western Greenland Time (WGT), which is UTC-3. However, East Greenland follows UTC-1, and the Thule Air Base in the far northwest operates on UTC-4. It’s important to double-check the time zone of the area you’re visiting to avoid confusion, especially if you’re traveling across regions within Greenland.

10. Is Greenland suitable for family vacations?
Yes, Greenland can be a fantastic destination for families seeking adventure and exposure to unique Arctic landscapes. Activities such as whale watching, hiking, dog sledding, and boat tours are suitable for all ages. While the infrastructure in remote areas may not be as child-friendly as typical vacation spots, larger towns like Nuuk and Ilulissat offer family-friendly accommodations and activities. Traveling with children can be a rewarding experience, but it’s important to plan and prepare for the cold weather and remoteness of certain locations.

2. Best Time to Visit Greenland

11. What is the best time of year to visit Greenland?
The best time to visit Greenland depends on what you want to experience. For the Northern Lights and dog sledding, winter (October to April) is ideal, though it comes with extremely cold temperatures and shorter daylight hours. Summer (June to August) is the best time for outdoor activities like hiking, whale watching, and sailing among icebergs, with milder temperatures and up to 24 hours of daylight in some regions.

12. Is Greenland a year-round destination?
Yes, Greenland is a year-round destination, though the experiences vary dramatically between the seasons. Summer offers nearly endless daylight, opportunities for hiking, and easier access to remote areas via boat. Winter, on the other hand, transforms Greenland into a snow-covered wonderland perfect for dog sledding, snowshoeing, and witnessing the awe-inspiring Northern Lights. Travelers should choose the season based on the activities they’re most interested in.

13. What is the weather like in Greenland?
Greenland has an Arctic climate, which means cold temperatures year-round, but conditions vary depending on the season and location. In summer, coastal areas see average temperatures of 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F), with relatively mild weather, especially in southern Greenland. Winter temperatures can drop to -20°C (-4°F) or lower, particularly inland and in northern regions. Wind chill and sudden weather changes are common, so it’s essential to pack appropriately, no matter the season.

14. What should I pack for a trip to Greenland?
Packing for Greenland requires careful planning, especially due to its cold and unpredictable climate. In winter, pack thermal layers, a down jacket, waterproof boots, a hat, gloves, and a face mask or balaclava to protect against wind chill. In summer, bring lighter layers, a waterproof jacket, and sturdy hiking boots. Sunglasses and sunscreen are essential for both seasons, as the sun reflects strongly off the ice and snow. A good camera with a polarizing filter is recommended to capture Greenland’s stunning landscapes.

15. How long should I plan to stay in Greenland?
A 7-10 day trip allows visitors to experience the highlights of Greenland, including cultural sights, outdoor activities, and time to explore the Arctic wilderness. If you're planning to explore multiple regions or take part in adventurous excursions, consider extending your stay to 2-3 weeks. This will give you ample time to visit iconic locations like Ilulissat, Nuuk, and South Greenland’s fjords, while also allowing flexibility for the unpredictable Arctic weather.

16. Can I visit Greenland in the winter?
Yes, visiting Greenland in winter offers a magical experience, with snow-covered landscapes, the Northern Lights, and unique activities like dog sledding and snowshoeing. However, winter travel requires extra preparation, as temperatures can drop significantly, daylight hours are short, and access to some areas may be limited. Many tourists choose this time to experience the isolation and beauty of the Arctic, but be prepared for the cold and potential weather disruptions.

17. What are the peak tourist seasons in Greenland?
Greenland’s peak tourist season is during the summer months (June to August), when the weather is milder and outdoor activities like hiking, boating, and whale watching are at their best. The winter season (October to April) also draws tourists seeking to witness the Northern Lights and engage in snow-based activities. However, the winter months tend to see fewer visitors due to the extreme cold and limited daylight, making it a great time to explore without the crowds.

18. When can I see the Northern Lights in Greenland?
The best time to see the Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis) in Greenland is from September to April, when the nights are longest, and the skies are clear. The Northern Lights are visible across much of Greenland, particularly in more remote areas with little light pollution. Towns like Kangerlussuaq and Ilulissat are popular spots for viewing the auroras, as they have optimal conditions during the winter months. Clear, cold nights offer the best chances of witnessing this natural phenomenon.

19. Can I visit Greenland during the shoulder season?
Yes, visiting Greenland during the shoulder seasons (May and September) can be rewarding. These months offer a quieter experience, as they fall outside the peak tourist season. In May, the ice starts to break up, and wildlife becomes more active, while September offers the chance to see the Northern Lights before the extreme cold sets in. Shoulder season travelers benefit from fewer crowds, although some tours and activities may have limited availability as operators prepare for the upcoming high or low seasons.

20. What is the Midnight Sun, and when can I experience it?
The Midnight Sun is a natural phenomenon in Greenland where the sun remains visible 24 hours a day, occurring during the summer months in areas above the Arctic Circle. From late May to late July, northern regions like Ilulissat and Uummannaq experience continuous daylight. The Midnight Sun provides a unique opportunity for endless outdoor activities like hiking, photography, and exploring the rugged landscapes without the constraint of darkness. Experiencing the Midnight Sun is one of the highlights of visiting Greenland in the summer.

3. Getting to and Around Greenland

21. How do I get to Greenland?
Greenland is primarily accessible by air, with flights from Denmark and Iceland. Air Greenland offers year-round flights from Copenhagen to Kangerlussuaq and seasonal flights to Nuuk, Ilulissat, and other towns. Icelandair operates seasonal flights from Reykjavik to several destinations in Greenland. There are no direct flights to Greenland from North America, so most travelers connect through Copenhagen or Reykjavik. Due to Greenland’s remoteness, flights should be booked well in advance, especially during the summer season.

22. What airports serve Greenland?
Greenland has several airports, with Kangerlussuaq Airport (SFJ) being the main international gateway. Other airports include Nuuk (GOH), Ilulissat (JAV), and Narsarsuaq (UAK), which serve domestic and limited international flights. Most travel within Greenland is done by air due to the lack of roads between towns. Air Greenland operates regular domestic flights, making it relatively easy to travel between regions. Helicopter services are also available for reaching more remote locations.

23. How do I travel within Greenland?
Since there are no roads connecting towns and cities in Greenland, travel between locations is done primarily by air or sea. Air Greenland operates domestic flights that connect major towns, while helicopters are used to access smaller, more remote settlements. During the summer, ferries and boats provide scenic transportation along the coast, especially in South Greenland and Disko Bay. In the winter, dog sledding and snowmobiling are popular ways to travel in more remote areas. It’s important to plan your travel logistics carefully, as services can be affected by weather conditions.

24. Can I take a ferry or boat around Greenland?
Yes, ferries and boats are an important mode of transportation in Greenland, especially during the summer months. Arctic Umiaq Line operates passenger ferries along Greenland’s west coast, connecting towns like Nuuk, Ilulissat, and Sisimiut. Sailing offers a unique way to experience Greenland’s dramatic coastline, fjords, and icebergs. Private boat tours are also available, allowing travelers to explore areas that are difficult to reach by land or air. In winter, sea travel is limited due to ice, but icebreaker ships may still operate in certain areas.

25. Should I rent a car in Greenland?
There are no roads connecting towns in Greenland, so renting a car is only practical for local travel within individual towns. In places like Nuuk or Ilulissat, renting a car can be useful for getting around the local area, but it won’t help for long-distance travel between regions. Most visitors rely on flights, boats, or guided tours to explore the island. For shorter stays, walking or biking is a popular way to get around smaller towns.

26. Are there taxis in Greenland?
Yes, taxis are available in Greenland’s larger towns, including Nuuk, Ilulissat, and Sisimiut. They are a convenient way to get around locally, particularly in areas where public transportation is limited. Taxi services are relatively expensive, but they are the most efficient option for short-distance travel within towns. It’s important to note that taxi services may not be as widely available in more remote settlements, so it’s advisable to confirm transportation options in advance.

27. Is there public transportation in Greenland?
Public transportation is limited in Greenland, but some towns, such as Nuuk, offer bus services for local travel. Nuuk’s bus system is reliable and covers most parts of the town. However, in smaller towns and settlements, public transportation is either non-existent or very limited. Walking or biking is a practical option for getting around smaller communities, while taxis or rented cars can be used for local trips in larger towns.

28. Can I use boats to visit remote settlements in Greenland?
Yes, boats are commonly used to reach remote settlements, especially in the summer when fjords and coastal areas are ice-free. Many small settlements are only accessible by boat, and locals often use boats for fishing, hunting, and transportation. Tour operators offer boat trips to remote villages, providing a glimpse into traditional Greenlandic life. These boat trips are an excellent way to explore areas that are otherwise difficult to reach, such as small fjords or isolated communities.

29. Do I need a guide to explore Greenland?
While it’s possible to explore Greenland independently, hiring a guide is highly recommended, especially for outdoor activities like hiking, glacier trekking, or dog sledding. Guides provide valuable local knowledge, ensuring your safety in the rugged and sometimes dangerous Arctic environment. They can also enhance your experience by sharing insights into Greenland’s culture, wildlife, and geography. For remote expeditions or activities like ice climbing, having an experienced guide is essential.

30. Is Greenland wheelchair accessible?
Greenland’s rugged terrain and lack of infrastructure in some areas make it challenging for wheelchair users. However, larger towns like Nuuk and Ilulissat are gradually becoming more accessible, with some hotels and public buildings offering wheelchair-friendly facilities. Public transportation in Nuuk may have limited accessibility, and outdoor activities such as hiking or boat trips are generally not wheelchair-friendly. It’s important to contact accommodations and tour operators in advance to discuss accessibility options and plan your trip accordingly.

4. Accommodations in Greenland

31. What types of accommodations are available in Greenland?
Greenland offers a range of accommodations, from luxury hotels and boutique lodges to guesthouses and hostels. In major towns like Nuuk and Ilulissat, you’ll find modern hotels with amenities like restaurants, Wi-Fi, and guided tours. Smaller towns and remote areas may offer more basic accommodations such as guesthouses or huts, providing an authentic Arctic experience. For adventurous travelers, camping is also an option, especially during the summer months.

32. Do I need to book accommodations in advance?
Yes, it’s highly recommended to book accommodations in advance, particularly during the peak tourist season (June to August) when availability is limited. Greenland’s small population and remote nature mean there are fewer accommodation options than in other tourist destinations. Booking early ensures you secure a place to stay, especially in popular towns like Ilulissat or during major events and festivals.

33. Are there eco-friendly lodges in Greenland?
Yes, Greenland places a strong emphasis on sustainability and eco-friendly tourism, and several lodges reflect this commitment. These eco-friendly accommodations focus on minimizing environmental impact through practices such as renewable energy use, waste reduction, and promoting local culture. Lodges like the Hotel Arctic in Ilulissat and Camp Kiattua near Nuuk offer environmentally conscious stays while providing luxury experiences in breathtaking settings. Staying at eco-friendly lodges supports sustainable tourism in Greenland.

34. Can I rent a vacation home or cabin in Greenland?
Yes, renting a vacation home or cabin is possible in Greenland, especially in tourist areas like Nuuk, Ilulissat, and Qaqortoq. Vacation rentals offer a more private and immersive experience, allowing you to stay in a cozy cabin surrounded by nature. Options range from rustic cabins with basic amenities to more luxurious homes with modern comforts. Rental platforms like Airbnb list various vacation homes, but it’s essential to book well in advance, as availability is limited.

35. What are the best towns to stay in Greenland?
The best towns to stay in Greenland depend on the experiences you're looking for. Nuuk, the capital, offers a mix of modern conveniences and cultural experiences, while Ilulissat is famous for its stunning views of Disko Bay and the Ilulissat Icefjord, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Qaqortoq in South Greenland is perfect for those interested in history and Norse ruins, while Sisimiut is ideal for outdoor enthusiasts looking to hike or ski. Each town offers its own unique charm, making it easy to find a location that suits your travel goals.

36. Can I camp in Greenland?
Yes, camping is allowed in Greenland, and it’s a popular choice for adventurous travelers, especially during the summer months. While there are no formal campsites, wild camping is permitted, as long as you follow Leave No Trace principles and respect the natural environment. Many hiking routes, such as the Arctic Circle Trail, offer scenic spots for camping. Be prepared for cold temperatures, even in summer, and pack appropriately for the Arctic conditions. Some tour operators also offer organized camping trips for those who prefer guided experiences.

37. Are there family-friendly accommodations in Greenland?
Yes, Greenland offers family-friendly accommodations, particularly in larger towns like Nuuk, Ilulissat, and Qaqortoq. Many hotels and guesthouses provide family rooms or extra beds for children. Outdoor activities such as hiking, whale watching, and boat tours are suitable for families, and some lodges even offer child-friendly excursions. However, it’s important to plan ahead, as more remote areas may have limited facilities for young children. Families should also be prepared for the colder climate and bring appropriate clothing for all ages.

38. Do hotels in Greenland offer airport transfers?
Some hotels in larger towns like Nuuk and Ilulissat offer airport transfer services, either as part of the booking package or for an additional fee. If airport transfers are not provided, taxis are usually available to take you from the airport to your accommodation. In smaller towns, transportation options may be more limited, so it’s advisable to confirm transfer arrangements with your hotel ahead of time. If you’re staying in a remote area, it’s essential to coordinate your transportation in advance to ensure smooth travel.

39. Are hostels available in Greenland?
Yes, hostels are available in Greenland, offering budget-friendly accommodations for travelers. Hostels are found in larger towns like Nuuk, Ilulissat, and Sisimiut, providing dormitory-style rooms and basic amenities. Staying in a hostel is a great way to meet other travelers and experience Greenland on a budget. However, Greenland’s remote nature means that there are fewer hostels compared to other countries, so it’s important to book early, especially during the peak travel season.

40. Are there luxury hotels in Greenland?
While Greenland is known for its rugged wilderness, there are several luxury hotels and lodges that cater to travelers seeking comfort and high-end amenities. Hotels like Hotel Arctic in Ilulissat offer stunning views of Disko Bay and provide upscale services such as fine dining, private balconies, and guided excursions. Camp Kiattua, near Nuuk, offers a luxurious glamping experience in a remote Arctic setting, complete with gourmet meals and outdoor hot tubs. These luxury accommodations allow you to experience Greenland’s raw beauty without sacrificing comfort.

5. Things to Do in Greenland

41. What are the must-see attractions in Greenland?
Greenland is home to some of the world’s most breathtaking natural wonders. The Ilulissat Icefjord, a UNESCO World Heritage site, offers spectacular views of icebergs and glaciers. Nuuk, the capital, features the Greenland National Museum and vibrant Inuit culture. Kangerlussuaq is the gateway to the Greenland Ice Cap, offering hiking, dog sledding, and Northern Lights viewing. Qaqortoq in South Greenland is known for its ancient Norse ruins and picturesque fjords. Don’t miss a boat tour through Disko Bay, where you’ll see towering icebergs and, if lucky, whales.

42. Can I hike in Greenland?
Yes, hiking in Greenland is a popular way to explore the island’s dramatic landscapes. One of the most famous hiking routes is the Arctic Circle Trail, a multi-day trek from Kangerlussuaq to Sisimiut, passing through untouched wilderness, lakes, and mountains. For shorter hikes, Ilulissat offers scenic trails along the Ilulissat Icefjord, and South Greenland has routes that pass through Norse ruins and fertile valleys. Be prepared for rugged terrain and unpredictable weather, and consider hiring a local guide if you’re unfamiliar with Arctic conditions.

43. Is Greenland good for whale watching?
Yes, Greenland is one of the best places in the world for whale watching. During the summer months (June to September), 15 species of whales, including humpback, fin, and minke whales, migrate to Greenland’s waters. Popular whale-watching locations include Disko Bay, Nuuk, and Qaqortoq. Tours are available by boat, and you can often spot whales from the shore in areas like Ilulissat. Whale watching in Greenland offers an unforgettable chance to see these majestic creatures up close in their natural Arctic habitat.

44. Can I visit the Greenland Ice Cap?
Yes, visiting the Greenland Ice Cap is one of the most extraordinary experiences the island has to offer. Kangerlussuaq, in central Greenland, is the main gateway to the ice cap, and you can take guided tours to explore the vast expanse of ice. Activities include hiking, ice climbing, and even glacier walks. Some tours offer overnight stays on the ice, providing a unique opportunity to witness the Arctic wilderness in all its glory. The ice cap is a must-see for adventurers and nature lovers alike.

45. What adventure activities are available in Greenland?
Greenland is a haven for adventure travelers. Popular activities include dog sledding, snowmobiling, hiking, ice climbing, and kayaking through ice-filled fjords. In the summer, you can explore Greenland’s coastline by boat, camp under the Midnight Sun, or hike the Arctic Circle Trail. Winter offers the chance to witness the Northern Lights, go on snowshoeing expeditions, and experience traditional Inuit activities like ice fishing and seal hunting. For thrill-seekers, Greenland’s remote and rugged environment provides endless opportunities for adventure.

46. What water sports can I do in Greenland?
Kayaking is one of the most iconic water sports in Greenland, with its roots in Inuit culture. You can paddle through fjords, past icebergs, and alongside whales in areas like Disko Bay or South Greenland. During the summer, boat tours and sailing trips allow you to explore Greenland’s pristine waters and witness its spectacular coastline. For those looking for a more leisurely experience, fishing is a popular activity, offering the chance to catch Arctic char or salmon.

47. Can I visit traditional Greenlandic settlements?
Yes, visiting traditional Greenlandic settlements is a great way to experience the local way of life. These small, often isolated communities offer insight into Inuit culture, including traditional hunting, fishing, and crafts. Popular settlements to visit include Oqaatsut, near Ilulissat, and Kulusuk, in East Greenland. Many tour operators offer guided trips to these villages, where you can meet locals, learn about their customs, and enjoy Greenlandic food. Staying overnight in a guesthouse in a settlement offers a unique, immersive experience.

48. Are there any festivals or cultural events in Greenland?
Yes, Greenland hosts several cultural festivals throughout the year. The most famous is National Day, celebrated on June 21, which marks Greenland’s independence and the arrival of the summer solstice. Locals gather for traditional dancing, music, and games. In March, the Nuuk Snow Festival showcases impressive snow sculptures and winter sports. Ullortuneq, the day of the returning sun, is celebrated in northern Greenland in January, marking the end of the long polar night. These festivals offer an excellent opportunity to experience Greenland’s vibrant culture.

49. What wildlife can I see in Greenland?
Greenland is home to a variety of Arctic wildlife, including polar bears, musk oxen, reindeer, and Arctic foxes. Along the coast, you may spot seals, walruses, and whales. Birdwatchers can enjoy sightings of seabirds such as puffins, eagles, and auks. The best time to see wildlife is during the summer when the animals are most active, and the sea ice has melted. However, be aware that some species, like polar bears, live in more remote areas, so you may need to join a guided expedition for a chance to see them.

50. What are some local souvenirs to bring home from Greenland?
Popular souvenirs from Greenland include tupilaks (small carved figurines made from bone or ivory), handmade Inuit jewelry, and sealskin products such as gloves or boots. You can also find traditional Greenlandic clothing, including knitted hats and scarves made from musk ox wool. Local art, including paintings and sculptures by Greenlandic artists, is another great way to take a piece of Greenland home with you. Many towns, including Nuuk and Ilulissat, have shops selling these unique, handcrafted items.

With these essential tips and answers in hand, you’re ready to embrace the wild, the unknown, and the extraordinary Greenland.