Unveiling Taiwan's Island Treasures: Penghu, Green Island & More

The Enchanting Islands of Taiwan

When travelers think of Taiwan, they often picture a lush, mountainous island brimming with night markets, vibrant cities, and stunning landscapes. However, Taiwan is actually an archipelago of over 100 islands, each with its own unique charm, history, and natural beauty. From the turquoise waters of the Penghu Islands to the volcanic landscapes of Green Island and the cultural richness of Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan’s offshore islands offer unforgettable adventures for every kind of traveler.

Penghu Islands: A Beach Lover's Dream

The Penghu Islands, often described as “pearls scattered across a turquoise sea,” lie west of Taiwan’s main island. This stunning archipelago consists of over 90 small islands and islets, many of which are uninhabited. The three main islands—Penghu, Baisha, and Xiyu—are connected by bridges, making them ideal for exploration by bicycle or scooter.

Top Activities in Penghu:

• Beach Adventures: Penghu is home to some of Taiwan’s most stunning beaches. Shanshui Beach is perfect for swimming, while Aimen Beach is a hotspot for jet skiing and banana boat rides. For a quieter escape, head to Jibei Sand Tail, a breathtaking sandbank stretching into the sea.
• Water Sports & Boat Tours: Visitors can go snorkeling, scuba diving, or take a boat trip to explore remote islands. A unique nighttime experience is squid fishing, where you can try your hand at catching fresh squid under the moonlight.
• Local Delicacies: Penghu is famous for its cactus ice, made from the vibrant purple fruit of the prickly pear cactus, and black sugar cake, a chewy, molasses-flavored treat.
• Historic Sites & Culture: The 200-year-old banyan tree at Baoan Temple has grown into a massive canopy covering 660 square meters. Other highlights include ancient forts, lighthouses, and traditional fishing villages that offer a glimpse into Penghu’s maritime history.

Green Island: A Volcanic Escape

Located off Taiwan’s southeastern coast, Green Island is a volcanic paradise with dramatic coastal cliffs, lush forests, and crystal-clear waters. A ferry from Taitung takes about 50 minutes, or you can opt for a short flight. The island’s scenic ring road makes it easy to explore via scooter or bicycle.

Must-See Attractions on Green Island:

• Zhaori Hot Springs: One of only three saltwater hot springs in the world, this seaside oasis offers a unique experience where you can soak in warm mineral-rich waters while gazing at the Pacific Ocean.
• Diving & Snorkeling: Green Island is a top diving destination, known for its vibrant coral reefs and diverse marine life. Popular dive spots include Shilang Diving Area and Dabaisha Beach.
• White Terror Memorial Park: A visit to this historical site offers a sobering look at Taiwan’s past, commemorating political prisoners who were sent to Green Island during Taiwan’s martial law period.
• Guanyin Cave & Hiking Trails: The island’s hiking trails lead to stunning coastal viewpoints, including the Little Great Wall, which provides panoramic views of the sea and rugged coastline.

Local food lovers should try peanut candy, a crunchy, nutty treat made by the island’s residents, or fresh seafood dishes featuring locally caught fish and shellfish.

Lanyu (Orchid Island): A Cultural & Natural Wonder

Lanyu, or Orchid Island, is a remote volcanic island southeast of Taiwan’s main island. It is home to the indigenous Tao (Yami) people, who have preserved their rich cultural traditions, including fishing, boat-making, and ceremonial practices. The island’s dramatic mountains, lush forests, and clear waters make it an ideal destination for those seeking both adventure and cultural immersion.

Experiencing Lanyu's Unique Culture & Nature:

• Traditional Tao Villages: Visitors can explore six traditional villages where Tao people live in semi-underground houses, designed to withstand typhoons and heat. Their intricately crafted wooden canoes, painted in red, white, and black patterns, are a significant part of their culture.
• Flying Fish Season & Festivals: If you visit between March and June, you can witness the flying fish season, where Tao fishermen use age-old techniques to catch fish. During this period, traditional ceremonies and dances take place.
• Lanyu Lighthouse & Scenic Views: The Lanyu Lighthouse, perched on a cliff, offers breathtaking ocean views and is a great spot to watch the sunrise or sunset.
• Diving & Snorkeling: Lanyu’s coral reefs and sea caves provide an incredible underwater experience. The waters around the island are home to vibrant marine life, including tropical fish, sea turtles, and even hammerhead sharks.
• Local Delicacies: A must-try dish is fried rice with dried flying fish, a staple food for the Tao people. Another unique snack is wild taro cakes, made from locally grown taro and often paired with fresh coconut.

More Islands to Discover

While Penghu, Green Island, and Lanyu are among the most famous, Taiwan has even more islands waiting to be explored:

• Xiao Liuqiu: A small coral island off the southwest coast, known for its sea turtles and snorkeling opportunities.
• Matsu Islands: Close to China, these islands have a unique blend of Chinese and Taiwanese culture, with traditional stone houses and military history sites.
• Kinmen Islands: Famous for their military history, traditional villages, and specialty foods, like Kinmen Kaoliang liquor.

Taiwan’s offshore islands are a treasure trove of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and exciting activities. Whether you’re diving among coral reefs, exploring historic villages, or indulging in local delicacies, each island offers a unique and unforgettable experience. If you're planning a trip to Taiwan, don’t just stay on the mainland—venture out to these breathtaking islands and discover a whole new side of Taiwan.